65. At-Talaq
65.1 It was narrated from Abu Dharr that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
“I know a word – (one of the narrators) ‘Uthman said: “a Verse” – which if all the people followed it, it would suffice them.” They said: “O Messenger of Allah, which Verse?” He said:
﴾ ومن يتق الله يجعل له مخرجا ﴿
“And whosoever fears Allah, He will make a way out for him.” (65:2)
Sunan Ibn Majah Vol. 5, Book 37, Hadith 4220
65.2 Abu Ishaq reported:
I was with al-Aswad b. Yazid sitting in the great mosque, and there was with us al-Sha’bi, and he narrated the narration of Fatima bint Qais (Allah be pleased with her) that Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) did not make any provision for lodging and maintenance allowance for her. Al-Aswad caught hold of some pebbles in his fist and he threw them towards him saying: Woe be to thee, you narrate like it, whereas Umar said: We cannot abandon the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of our Apostle (ﷺ) for the words of a woman. We do not know whether she remembers that or she forgets. For her, there is a provision of lodging and maintenance allowance. Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, said:” Turn them not from their houses nor should they themselves go forth unless they commit an open indecency” (lxv. 1).
65.3 Abu’d-Duha said:
“Masruq and Shutayr ibn Shakal met in the mosque. The people sitting in circles in the mosque moved towards them. Masruq said, ‘I can only think that these people are gathering around us in order to hear good from us. If you relate from ‘Abdullah, I will confirm you. If I relate from ‘Abdullah, you can confirm me.’ He said, ‘Abu ‘A’isha, relate!’ He said, ‘Did you hear ‘Abdullah say, “The eyes commit fornication. The hands commit fornication. The feet commit fornication, and then the genitals either confirm or deny that?”‘ ‘Yes,’ he replied, ‘I have heard it.’ He said, ‘Did you hear ‘Abdullah say, “There is no ayat in the Qur’an which is greater in combining the halal and the haram and the command and the prohibition than this ayat: ‘Indeed Allah commands to justice and doing good and giving to relatives’ (16.90)?”‘ ‘Yes,’ he replied, ‘I have heard it.’ He said, ‘Did you hear ‘Abdullah say, “There is no ayat in the Qur’an swifter in bringing relief than His words, “Whoever has taqwa of Allah – He will give him a way out” (65:2)?’ ‘Yes,’ he replied, ‘I have heard it.’ He said, ‘Did you hear ‘Abdullah say, “There is no ayat in the Qur’an stronger in entrusting things to Allah than His words, “My slaves, you have transgressed against yourselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah” (39:53)?’ ‘Yes,’ he replied, ‘I heard that.'”
65.4 Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas’ud:
I can invoke the curse of Allah on anyone who wishes: The smaller surat an-Nisa (i.e. Surat at-Talaq) was revealed after the verse regarding the waiting period of four months and ten days had been revealed.
65.5 It was narrated from ‘Abdullah
that the shorter Surah, that speaks of women (At-Talaq), was revealed after Al-Baqarah.
65.6 It was narrated that’ Abdullah bin Mas’ud said:
“By Allah, for those who would like to go through the process of praying for Allah’s curse to be upon the one who is wrong, the shorter Surah concerning women[l] was revealed after (the Verses[2] which speak of the waiting period of) four months and ten (days).” [1] (65:40), [2] (2:234)
Sunan Ibn Majah Vol. 3, Book 10, Hadith 2030
65.7 Narrated Muhammad bin Seereen:
I sat in a gathering in which the chiefs of the Ansar were present, and `Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Laila was amongst them. I mentioned the narration of `Abdullah bin `Utba regarding the question of Subai’a bint Al-Harith. `Abdur-Rahman said, “But `Abdullah’s uncle used not to say so.” I said, “I am too brave if I tell a lie concerning a person who is now in Al-Kufa,” and I raised my voice. Then I went out and met Malik bin ‘Amir or Malik bin `Auf, and said, “What was the verdict of Ibn Mas`ud about the pregnant widow whose husband had died?” He replied, “Ibn Mas`ud said, ‘Why do you impose on her the hard order and don’t let her make use of the leave? The shorter Sura of women (i.e. Surat-at- Talaq) was revealed after the longer Sura (i.e. Surat-al-Baqara).” (i.e. Her ‘Idda is up till she delivers.)
Sahih al-Bukhari Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 55
65.8 It was narrated that Muhammad said:
“I was sitting with some people in Al-Kufah in a large gathering of the Ansar, among whom was ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Laila. They spoke about the story of Subai’ah and I mentioned what ‘Abdullah bin ‘Utbah bin Mas’ud had said in meaning.” (One of the narrators) Ibn ‘Awn’s saying was: “when she gives birth.” Ibn Abi Layla said: ‘But his (paternal) uncle did not say that.’ I raised my voice and said: ‘Would I dare to tell lies about ‘Abdullah bin ‘Utbah when he is in the vicinity of Al-Kufah?'” He said: “Then I met Malik and said: ‘What did Ibn Mas’ud say about the story of Subai’ah?’ He said: ‘He said: “Are you going to be too strict with her and not allow her the concession (with regard to the ‘Iddah)? The shorter Surah about women (At-Talaq) was revealed after the longer one (Al-Baqarah).”‘”
65.9 Narrated ‘Ubaidullah bin ‘Abdullah bin ‘Utbah:
It was narrated from ‘Ubaidullah bin ‘Abdullah bin ‘Utbah that during the reign of Marwan, ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr bin ‘Uthman, who was a young man, issued a final divorce to the daughter of Sa’eed bin Zaid, whose mother was Bint Qais. Her maternal aunt, Fatimah bint Qais, sent word to her telling her to move from the house of ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr. Marwan heard of that and he sent word to the daughter of Sa’eed, telling her to go back to her home, and asking her why she had moved from her home before her ‘Iddah was over? She sent word to him telling him that her maternal aunt had told her to do that. Fatimah bint Qais said that she had been married to Abu ‘Amr bin Hafs, and when the Messenger of Allah appointed ‘Ali bin Abi Talib as governor of Yemen, he went out with him and sent word to her that she was divorced with the third Talaq. He told Al-Harith bin Hisham and ‘Ayyash bin Abi Rai’ah to spend on her. She sent word to Al-Harith and ‘Ayyash asking them what her husband had told them to spend on her, and they said: ‘By Allah, she has no right to any maintenance from us, unless she is pregnant, and she cannot come into our home without our permission.’ She said that she came to the Messenger of Allah and told him about that, and he stated that they were correct. Fatimah said: ‘Where should I move to, O Messenger of Allah?’ He said: ‘Move to the home of Ibn Umm Maktum, the blind man whom Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, named in His Book.’ Fatimah said: ‘So I observed my ‘Iddah there. He was a man who has lost his sight, so I used to take off my garments in his house, until the Messenger of Allah married me to Usamah bin Zaid.’ Marwan criticized her for that and said: ‘I have never heard this Hadith from anyone before you. I will continue to follow the ruling that the people have been following.'”
Al-Wahidi recorded:
(O Prophet! When ye (men) put away women, put them away for their (legal) period…) [65:1]. Qatadah reported that Anas said: “The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, divorced Hafsah and so Allah, exalted is, revealed this verse. It was said to him: ‘Take her back, for she is one who fasts often and stands up in night vigil prayer’ often, and she is one of your wives in the Garden’ ”. Al-Suddi said: “This verse was revealed about ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar who divorced his wife while she was in her menses. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, ordered him to take her back and keep her until the period of her menses was over and then wait again until she was in her menses. When she became pure, he was free to divorce her provided that he did not sleep with her before that, for this was the waiting period which Allah has commanded to observe”. Mansur ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab ibn Ahmad al-Shalanji> Abu ‘Amr Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Hiri> Muhammad ibn Zanjawayh> ‘Abd al-‘Aziz ibn Yahya> al-Layth ibn Sa‘d> Nafi‘> Ibn ‘Umar who divorced his wife one single divorce while she was still in her menses. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, commanded him to keep her until the period of her menses was over. He had then to wait until she was in her period, and if he was still determined to divorce, he had to wait until her period was over, provided that he did not sleep with her before divorcing her. This was the waiting period in which Allah, exalted is He, has ordered that women be divorced. This was narrated by Bukhari and Muslim from Qutaybah and al-Layth respectively.
(Asbab Al-Nuzul)
Al-Wahidi recorded:
(And whosoever keepeth his duty to Allah, Allah will appoint a way out for him, And will provide for him from (a quarter) whence he hath no expectation) [65:3]. This verse was revealed about ‘Awf ibn Malik al-Ashja’i whose son was imprisoned by the idolaters. He went to the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, and complained to him about his poverty, saying: “The enemy has imprisoned my son and his mother is very distressed, what do you advise me to do?” The Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, said to him: “Be fearful of Allah and be patient. I also command you and your wife to often repeat ‘there is no strength or might except by Allah’ ”. So he went home and said to his wife: “The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, commanded both of us to often repeat ‘there is no strength or might except by Allah’ ”. She said: “How good is that with which he has commanded us!” And they both started saying it straightaway. It happened that the enemy became distracted from their son and the latter led their sheep away and fled. He brought these sheep to his father; they were four thousand heads. This verse was revealed about this incident. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz ibn ‘Abdan informed us> Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Nu’aym> Abu’l-Qasim al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Husayn al-Sakuni> ‘Ubayd ibn Kathir al-‘Amiri> ‘Abbad ibn Ya’qub> Yahya ibn Adam> Isra’il> ‘Ammar ibn Mu’awiyah> Salim ibn Abi al-Ja’d> Jabir ibn ‘Abd Allah who said: “This verse (And whosoever keepeth his duty to Allah, Allah will appoint a way out for him, And will provide for him from (a quarter) whence he hath no expectation) was revealed about a man from Ashja’. This man was poor but had numerous children. He went to the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, and asked him for help. The Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, told him: ‘Fear Allah and be patient!’ The man went back to his companions and when they asked him about what the Prophet had given him, he said: ‘He did not give me anything; he simply said: Fear Allah and be patient’. Not long after this, a son of this man, who had been captured by the enemy, brought him sheep. The man went to the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, to ask him about what he should do with the sheep, and told him the full story. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, said to him: ‘Keep them, they are yours’ ”.
(Asbab Al-Nuzul)
Al-Wahidi recorded:
(And for such of your women as despair of menstruation…) [65:4]. Said Muqatil: “When the verse (Women who are divorced shall wait, keeping themselves apart…), Kallad ibn al-Nu‘man ibn Qays al-Ansari said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, what is the waiting period of the woman who does not menstruate and the woman who has not menstruated yet? And what is the waiting period of the pregnant woman?’ And so Allah, exalted is He, revealed this verse”. Abu Ishaq al-Muqri’ informed us> Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Hamdun> Makki ibn ‘Abdan> Abu’l-Azhar> Asbat ibn Muhammad> Mutarrif> Abu ‘Uthman ‘Amr ibn Salim who said: “When the waiting period for divorced and widowed women was mentioned in Surah al-Baqarah, Ubayy ibn Ka‘b said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, some women of Medina are saying: there are other women who have not been mentioned!’ He asked him: ‘And who are they?’ He said: ‘Those who are too young [such that they have not started menstruating yet], those who are too old [whose menstruation has stopped] and those who are pregnant’. And so this verse (And for such of your women as despair of menstruation…) was revealed”.
(Asbab Al-Nuzul)
Ibn Abbas said:
Whoever reads
ﱊومن يتق الله يجعل له مخرجا﴿
ويرزقه من حيث لا يحتسب
ومن يتوكل على الله فهو حسبه
إن الله بالغ أمره
﴾ قد جعل الله لكل شيء قدرا ﱍ
And whoever fears Allah – He will make for him a way out. And will provide for him from where he does not expect. And whoever relies upon Allah – then He is sufficient for him. Indeed, Allah will accomplish His purpose. Allah has already set for everything a [decreed] extent. (65:2-3)
near a source of fear like tyrants, floods and beasts, he will be protected from their harm.
(Dur al-Manthur)
﴾ بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم ﴿ 
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